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In-memory computing with emerging non-volatile memory devices (eNVMs) has shown promising results in accelerating matrix-vector multiplications. However, activation function calculations are still being implemented with general processors or large and complex neuron peripheral circuits. Here, we present the integration of Ag-based conductive bridge random access memory (Ag-CBRAM) crossbar arrays with Mott rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation neurons for scalable, energy and area-efficient hardware (HW) implementation of deep neural networks. We develop Ag-CBRAM devices that can achieve a high ON/OFF ratio and multi-level programmability. Compact and energy-efficient Mott ReLU neuron devices implementing ReLU activation function are directly connected to the columns of Ag-CBRAM crossbars to compute the output from the weighted sum current. We implement convolution filters and activations for VGG-16 using our integrated HW and demonstrate the successful generation of feature maps for CIFAR-10 images in HW. Our approach paves a new way toward building a highly compact and energy-efficient eNVMs-based in-memory computing system.

 

Real-time spike sorting with large data throughput is essential for studying neural dynamics and brain-machine interfaces. Neural recordings from high-density multi-electrode arrays that consist of hundreds of electrodes impose stringent demands on spike sorting hardware regarding data transmission bandwidth and computation complexity. That leads to an urgent need for specialized hardware with high throughput, low power, and latency. Here, we present a real-time spike sorting processor that utilizes high-density BEOL-integrable CuO x resistive crossbars to perform in-memory spike segregation. We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, efficient hardware implementation of spike sorting from in vivo extracellular recordings with high accuracy. Our neuromorphic interface promises substantial performance gains ( ∼1000×less area,∼200×less power,4.8 μs latency for sorting 100 channels) for in vivo real-time spike sorting.